The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique by W. M. S. Russell and R. L. Burch

The Scope of Humane Technique: Table of Contents

Foreword to Special Edition

Preface

Scope of the Study

Integration in the Vertebrate Organism

Pain and Distress

The Criteria for and Measurement of Distress

Man and the Animal World

Monitoring Animal Experimentation

The L.A.B. Survey of 1952

The L.A.B. Data: A Further Analysis

Results of the Analysis

The Latest Developments

Direct and Contingent Inhumanity

The Analysis of Direct Inhumanity

The Diagnosis of Disease

The Removal of Inhumanity: The Three R’s

Contingent Inhumanity and the Problem of Scale

Comparative Substitution

Modes of Absolute and Relative Replacement

The Principles of Replacement

The Uses of Tissue Culture

The Uses of Microorganisms

Reduction and Strategy in Research

The Problem with Variance

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

The Sources of Physiological Variance

The Control of Phenotype

The Control of the Proximate, especially Behavioral Environment

Neutral and Stressful Studies

Generally Superimposed Procedures

The Choice of Procedures

The Choice of Species

A Concrete Problem: Experimental Psychiatry and the Humane Study of Fear

The Personality Factors

The Sociological Factors

Special Organizations

Conclusion

The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique: References and Source Index

The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique: Addendum